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How to set up a web server on CentOS 7 using Nginx

in CentOS, Linux OS
How to set up a web server on CentOS 7 using Nginx

Setting up a web server on CentOS 7 using Nginx is a straightforward process that can be completed in a few steps. Nginx is a powerful web server that can handle high levels of traffic while using minimal system resources. In this blog, we will guide you through the steps required to set up a web server on CentOS 7 using Nginx.

Step 1: Update the system

The first step is to ensure that the CentOS 7 system is up-to-date. To do this, open a terminal window and run the following command:

sudo yum update

Step 2: Install Nginx

To install Nginx, run the following command in the terminal:

sudo yum install nginx

Step 3: Start Nginx

Once Nginx is installed, you can start it by running the following command:

sudo systemctl start nginx

To ensure that Nginx starts automatically when the system is rebooted, run the following command:

sudo systemctl enable nginx

Step 4: Configure the Firewall

By default, the CentOS 7 firewall blocks incoming traffic. To allow traffic to access your web server, you will need to configure the firewall to allow HTTP and HTTPS traffic. To do this, run the following commands:

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https

After running these commands, reload the firewall with the following command:

sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Step 5: Create a new Nginx virtual host configuration file

Nginx uses virtual host configuration files to serve multiple websites from the same server. To create a new virtual host configuration file, run the following command:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf

Replace example.com with your domain name.

In the configuration file, add the following code:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    root /var/www/example.com/html;
    index index.html;
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

Save and close the file.

Step 6: Create the document root directory

The document root directory is the location on the server where the website files are stored. To create the directory, run the following command:

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html

Replace example.com with your domain name.

Step 7: Add a test file

To test that the web server is working, create a test file in the document root directory. Run the following command:

sudo nano /var/www/example.com/html/index.html

Add the following code to the file:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Welcome to Example.com!</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
        <p>If you can see this, it means that your web server is working correctly.</p>
    </body>
</html>

Save and close the file.

Step 8: Restart Nginx

To apply the changes made to the Nginx configuration file, restart Nginx by running the following command:

sudo systemctl restart nginx

Step 9: Test the web server

To test the web server, open a web browser and enter your domain name in the address bar. If everything is set up correctly, you should see the test page you created earlier.

Congratulations! You have successfully set up a web server on CentOS 7 using Nginx.

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